 Eli Berman is an associate professor of economics at UC San Diego, research director for international security studies at IGCC, and a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research. His research interests include economic development and conflict, the economics of religion, labor economics, technological change, economic demography, and applied econometrics. Recent grants from the National Science Foundation (2002 and 2005) have enabled him to look closely at relationships between religion and fertility from an economic standpoint. His latest publications are "Religion, Terrorism, and Public Goods: Testing the Club Model" (with David Laitin) in the Journal of Public Economics (2008), and "The Economics of Religion," in the New Palgrave Encyclopedia of Economics (with Laurence Iannaccone). Berman received his Ph.D. in economics from Harvard University. His book Radical, Religious and Violent: The New Economics of Terrorism is forthcoming in Fall 2009 with the MIT Press.
 Ethan Bueno de Mesquita is an associate professor in the Harris School at the University of Chicago. His research applies game-theoretic models to a variety of political phenomena including terrorism, elections and representation, and law and politics.
Bueno de Mesquita's current research focuses on how the factionalized nature of terrorist organizations affects the strategic use of violence, optimal counterterrorism policy, and the possibility for negotiated settlement. He has also studied terrorist recruitment and the sources of internal division and internecine violence within terrorist organizations.
In the areas of elections and representation, Bueno de Mesquita's ongoing work examines how changes in institutional and electoral environments affect electoral and legislative outcomes including local public goods provision, the incumbency advantage, corruption, and party strength. He is also concerned with more foundational questions regarding the nature of representation and accountability in democratic systems.
Bueno de Mesquita has written on several topics in law and politics, including the emergence of judicial norms such as deference to precedent, the effect of formal legal institutions on informal economic and social networks, and judicial oversight of the bureaucracy.
Before coming to the Harris School, Bueno de Mesquita was an assistant professor in the Department of Political Science at Washington University in St. Louis and spent a year as a Lady Davis Fellow in political science and visiting fellow in the Center for the Study of Rationality at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He has also served as a consultant to United States Institute of Peace on terrorism related issues. Bueno de Mesquita received his B.A. in political science from the University of Chicago and his M.A. and Ph.D. in political science from Harvard University.
 R. Kim Cragin is a senior policy analyst at the RAND Corporation and adjunct professor at the University of Maryland. She focuses on terrorism-related issues, spending three months on General David Petraeus' staff in 2008. In addition to Iraq, Cragin has conducted fieldwork in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, Lebanon, Egypt, Colombia, Northern Ireland, northwest China, Sri Lanka, southern Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia and the southern Philippines. Cragin managed the RAND Terrorism Chronology between 2000 and 2007. Her RAND publications include Arms Trafficking and Colombia (2002), Terrorism and Development (2003), The Dynamic Terrorist Threat (2004), Dissuading Terror (2005), and Sharing the Dragon's Teeth: Terrorist Groups and the Exchange of New Technologies (2007). She also has published academic articles outside RAND, including "The Early History of al-Qa'ida" in the reviewed Historical Journal (2008). Before coming to RAND, Cragin attended the Sanford Institute of Public Policy at Duke University and, at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, was awarded the Boren Fellowship to study religious extremism. Ahe completed her doctoral work at Cambridge University (Clare College) in the United Kingdom in June 2008. Her dissertation was titled "Palestinian Resistance Through the Eyes of Hamas."
 Martha Crenshaw is a senior fellow at CISAC and FSI and a professor of political science by courtesy. She was the Colin and Nancy Campbell Professor of Global Issues and Democratic Thought and professor of government at Wesleyan University in Middletown, Conn., from 1974 to 2007. Her current research focuses on innovation in terrorist campaigns, the distinction between "old" and "new" terrorism, why the United States is the target of terrorism, and the effectiveness of counterterrorism policies.
She has written extensively on the issue of political terrorism; her first article, "The Concept of Revolutionary Terrorism," was published in the Journal of Conflict Resolution in 1972. Her recent work includes "Terrorism, Strategies, and Grand Strategies," in Attacking Terrorism (Georgetown University Press), "Terrorism and Global Security," in Leashing the Dogs of War: Conflict Management in a Divided World (United States Institute of Peace Press), and "Explaining Suicide Terrorism: A Review Essay," in the journal Security Studies. She is also the editor of a projected volume, The Consequences of Counterterrorist Policies in Democracies, for the Russell Sage Foundation in New York.
 Richard English is Professor of Politics at Queen's University in Belfast, Ireland. His books include Armed Struggle: The History of the IRA (which won the 2003 UK Political Studies Association Politics Book of the Year Award) and Irish Freedom: The History of Nationalism in Ireland (which won the 2007 Christopher Ewart-Biggs Memorial Prize, and the 2007 Political Studies Association of Ireland Book Prize). Educated at the Universities of Oxford and Keele, he is a frequent media commentator on Irish politics and history and on terrorism, including work for the BBC, ITN, SKY NEWS, NPR, RTE, the Irish Times, the Times Literary Supplement, Newsweek and the Financial Times. He is the author of six books and the co-editor of a further five, and in 2009 he was elected a Member of the Royal Irish Academy. His next book, Terrorism: How to Respond, will be published in July 2009 by Oxford University Press.
Shawn Teresa Flanigan is a tenure-track assistant professor of public administration at San Diego State University. Her research focuses on the role nonprofit organizations and governments play in health and social service provision, with a specific interest in the developing world and low-income communities in the United States. Flanigan studies health and social service provision by violent organizations, and she has received federal grants to fund her research on this topic, as well as for her research on faith-based nonprofit organizations and research on policy advocacy by immigrant organizations.
 Lindsay Heger is a Ph.D. candidate at UC San Diego. She is interested in the strategies of violent non-state actors like terrorists and insurgents and strategic interaction between governments and these groups. She has published work on civil war in International Studies Quarterly. Her research is supported by the National Science Foundation and the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism.
 Susan Hyde is Assistant Professor of Political Science and International Affairs at Yale University, and is affiliated with Yale's MacMillan Center for International and Area Studies and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. She earned her Ph.D. from UC San Diego in 2006. She spent 2008-2009 as a Visiting Associate Research Fellow at the Niehaus Center for Globalization and Governance at Princeton University, and was a Research Fellow in Governance Studies at the Brookings Institution in Washington, D.C. Her research interests include international influences on domestic politics, elections in developing countries, international norm creation, and the use of natural and field experimental research methods. Her current research explores the effects of international democracy promotion efforts, focusing on international election observation. She has served as an international observer with several organizations for elections in Albania, Indonesia, Nicaragua, Pakistan, and Venezuela, and has worked for the Democracy Program at the Carter Center. She teaches courses on international organizations, democracy promotion, the global spread of elections, and the role of non-state actors in world politics. She was a 2006–07 IGCC Dissertation Fellow.
 David Laitin is the James T. Watkins IV and Elise V. Watkins Professor of Political Science and an affiliated faculty member at the Center for International Security and Cooperation at Stanford University. He has conducted field research in Somalia, Nigeria, Spain, Estonia, and France. His latest book is Nations, States and Violence. For the past decade, in collaboration with James Fearon, he has investigated ethnic relations and their impact on civil wars in the past half-century. From that project, "Ethnicity, Insurgency, and Civil War" has appeared in the American Political Science Review. He is currently working on a project concerning Muslim integration into Europe. Laitin received his B.A. from Swarthmore College and his Ph.D. from UC Berkeley. He is an elected member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences as well as the National Academy of Science.
 David A. Lake is Distinguished Professor of Political Science at the University of California, San Diego. He has published widely in international relations theory and international political economy. Lake’s most recent book is Hierarchy in International Relations (2009). In addition to more than seventy scholarly articles and chapters, he is also the author of Power, Protection, and Free Trade: International Sources of U.S. Commercial Strategy, 1887–1939 (1988) and Entangling Relations: American Foreign Policy in its Century (1999) and co-editor of eight volumes including most recently Governance in a Global Economy: Political Authority in Transition (2003) and Delegation and Agency in International Organizations (2006). He is also the co-author of a comprehensive new textbook on World Politics: Interests, Interactions, and Institutions (2009).
Lake has served as Research Director at the Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation (1992–1966 and 2000–2001), co-editor of the journal International Organization (1997–2001), chair of UCSD’s Political Science department (2000–2004), and Associate Dean of Social Sciences at UCSD (2006–present). He is the founding chair of the International Political Economy Society, and was Program Co-Chair of the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association (2007). He is President-Elect of International Studies Association (2010–2011). The recipient of the UCSD Chancellor’s Associates Award for Excellence in Graduate Education (2005), he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2006. He received his Ph.D. from Cornell University in 1984 and taught at UCLA from 1983 to 1992.
Lake has served in numerous administrative posts, including research director for international relations at the UC Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation (1992–1966 and 2000–2001), co-editor of the journal International Organization (1997–2001), chair of UC San Diego's Political Science Department (2000–2004), and associate dean of social sciences at UC San Diego (acting, 2006–2007). He is the vice president (elect) of the International Studies Association, program co-chair of the 2007 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, and founding chair of the International Political Economy Society. He is the recipient of the UCSD Chancellor's Associates Award for Excellence in Graduate Education (2005) and was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2006.
 Jason Lyall is an assistant professor of politics and international affairs at Princeton University. His research focuses on the dynamics of violence in both conventional and guerrilla warfare, with particular attention to Russia's Northern Caucasus. Ongoing projects include assessing how indiscriminate violence and ethnicity shape patterns of insurgent violence in Chechnya; the causes of victory in battle and war since 1800; and the role of state violence and aid in explaining insurgent violence in Afghanistan, Iraq, and the Northern Caucasus. His research has been published in International Organization, Journal of Conflict Resolution, and World Politics, and has been funded by the United States Institute of Peace and the MacArthur Foundation, among others. He has been a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard University's Olin Institute for Strategic Studies and a visiting scholar at the European University at St. Petersburg, Russia. He received his Ph.D. in Government from Cornell University.
 Craig McIntosh is a development economist whose work focuses on program evaluation. His main research interest is the design of institutions which promote the provision of financial services to micro-entrepreneurs. He has conducted field evaluations of innovations in microfinance in Central America and East Africa, and is currently working on projects analyzing the impact of credit bureaus in Guatemala and the introduction of mobile telephony in rural Rwanda.
 Edward Miguel is associate professor of economics and director of the Center of Evaluation for Global Action at UC Berkeley, where he has taught since 2000.
Born in New York City and raised in New Jersey, he earned S.B. degrees in both economics and mathematics from MIT, and received a Ph.D. in economics from Harvard University, where he was a National Science Foundation Fellow.
Miguel's main research focus is African economic development, including work on the economic causes and consequences of violence; the impact of ethnic divisions on local collective action; and interactions between health, education, and productivity for the poor. He has conducted field work in Kenya, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, and India. Miguel is a faculty research associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research, associate editor of the Quarterly Journal of Economics, Journal of Development Economics and Review of Economics and Statistics, recipient of the 2005 Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship, and winner of the 2005 Kenneth J. Arrow Prize, awarded annually by the International Health Economics Association for the Best Paper in Health Economics. He is author with Ray Fisman of Economic Gangsters: Corruption, Violence and the Poverty of Nations (Princeton University Press 2008), and Africa's Turn? (MIT Press 2009).
 Doug Ollivant is a former Director for Iraq, National Security Council. Prior to this detail, he served as the G5 and Chief of Plans for MultiNational Division-Baghdad/First Cavalry Division. In this capacity, he was instrumental in the development and execution of the “surge” plan and the implementation of counterinsurgency techniques in Baghdad in late 2006 and early 2007, and was identified as a member of General Petraeus’ “brain trust.” He previously served in a series of command and staff positions in mechanized, light, and airborne units, including an earlier tour in Iraq in 2004-2005. He is a veteran of the battles of Najaf Cemetery and Second Fallujah. Ollivant holds a Ph.D. in political science from Indiana University and is a graduate of the School of Advanced Military Studies (SAMS). A life member of both the Council on Foreign Relations and the Veterans of Foreign Wars, he is a former assistant professor of politics at the United States Military Academy and has published articles and reviews in numerous journals and magazines on an eclectic variety of topics.
 David Siddhartha Patel is an assistant professor of government at Cornell University, where he studies and teaches comparative politics with a focus on Middle Eastern politics, Islamic institutions, and political culture. His research analyzes the recurrent ability of Islamic institutions to shape patterns of collection action. Instead of analyzing Islam as shared values or ideology, Patel combines game theory and ethnography to examine how Islamic institutions and symbols can provide individuals information that facilitates powerful political coordination and enhances social solidarity.
Patel conducted field research in Iraq in 2003–2004 to understand how mosques and clerical organizations affect local public goods provision and national political coordination. He has also written on changes in female Islamist dress codes and ethnic divisions in the Jordanian Islamic Movement. Aside from Iraq, he has conducted research in Jordan, Syria, Yemen, Egypt, and Lebanon.
 COL Jeffrey D. Peterson is an Academy Professor of Economics in the Department of Social Sciences at the United States Military Academy and responsible for West Point’s economics program. He was commissioned into the Army from West Point in 1987 as an armor officer with a B.S. in civil engineering. As an armor officer, he served in a variety of leadership and staff positions in the United States, Korea, Cuba, and the Middle East. Most recently, he served as the commander for a cavalry squadron based at Ft. Lewis, Washington. While in command, the squadron deployed to Baghdad, Iraq and conducted counterinsurgency operations from July 2006 to September 2007 during the height of sectarian violence in Baghdad and the beginning of the "surge." His experience in using economics as part of an overall plan to establish stability in his area of responsibility motivated his desire to research the military’s role in economic development in a post-conflict environment and the importance of economics as a component of successful counterinsurgency operations. He holds an MBA from the MIT Sloan School of Management and a Ph.D. in policy analysis from the Pardee RAND Graduate School. He has contributed to various RAND publications concerning military leader development for the contemporary operating environment, the applications of networked capabilities in low-intensity contingency operations, and the effects of personnel stabilization on unit performance.
 Daniel Posner is associate professor of political science at UCLA, where he teaches courses on comparative politics, African politics, the political economy of development, and research design. He is the author of Institutions and Ethnic Politics in Africa (Cambridge, 2005), co-author of the forthcoming Coethnicity: Diversity and the Dilemmas of Collective Action (Russell Sage, 2009), and has published numerous articles in leading journals. He has been an Academy Fellow at the Harvard Academy for International and Area Studies, a National Fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford, and a Carnegie Scholar of the Carnegie Corporation of New York. He co-founded the Working Group in African Political Economy (WGAPE) and is the former director of UCLA’s Global Fellows Program.
 Robert Powell is Robson Professor of Political Science at UC Berkeley and previously taught at the University of Michigan and Harvard. He specializes in the use of game theory to study international conflict and political conflict more generally. He is the author of Nuclear Deterrence Theory: The Search for Credibility (Cambridge University Press, 1990); In the Shadow of Power: States and Strategies in International Politics (Princeton University Press, 1999); "Nuclear Deterrence Theory, Nuclear Proliferation, and National Missile Defense" (International Security, 2003); and "The Inefficient Use of Power: Costly Conflict with Complete Information" (American Political Science Review, 2004). More recently he has focused on the problem of allocating defensive resources against strategic attackers like terrorist groups, and has written "Defending Against Terrorist Attacks with Limited Resources" (American Political Science Review, 2007). He holds a B.S. in mathematics from Harvey Mudd College; an M.Phil in international relations from Cambridge University; and a Ph.D. in economics from UC Berkeley. He has been a Fulbright Scholar to the United Kingdom and is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (2004).
 Jacob N. Shapiro is an assistant professor of politics and international affairs at Princeton University. His primary research interests are the organizational aspects of terrorism, insurgency, and security policy. Shapiro’s ongoing projects study the balance between secrecy and openness in counterterrorism, the causes of militant recruitment in Islamic countries, and the relationship between public goods provision and insurgent violence in Iraq and Afghanistan. His research has been published in International Security, International Studies Quarterly, Foreign Policy, Military Operations Research, and a number of edited volumes. Shapiro is a Harmony Fellow at the Combating Terrorism Center at the United States Military Academy and a former Naval officer. He received his Ph.D. from Stanford University.
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